将下列语句添加到$BIND_HOME/conf/named.conf的options段中:
allow-recursion { 192.168.0.0/24; 127.0.0.1; };记得将192.168.0.0/24更换为你的内网地址。
2008年4月 归档
安装模块Pod::Webserver
cpan Pod::Webserver
运行podwebserver
[supersun@supersunHP ~]$ podwebserver
I am process 31353 = perl Pod::Webserver v3.05
Indexing all of @INC -- this might take a minute.
@INC = [ /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.7/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.7 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.7/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.7 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 . ]
Done scanning @INC
You can now open your browser to http://localhost:8020/
在浏览器地址栏中输入http://localhost:8020/就可能查看本地的Perl文档了！
cpan Pod::Webserver
运行podwebserver
[supersun@supersunHP ~]$ podwebserver
I am process 31353 = perl Pod::Webserver v3.05
Indexing all of @INC -- this might take a minute.
@INC = [ /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.7/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.7 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl/5.8.5 /usr/lib/perl5/site_perl /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.7/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.8 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.7 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.6 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl/5.8.5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8/i386-linux-thread-multi /usr/lib/perl5/5.8.8 . ]
Done scanning @INC
You can now open your browser to http://localhost:8020/
在浏览器地址栏中输入http://localhost:8020/就可能查看本地的Perl文档了！
工位区一台PC无法启动，显示完启动菜单后就黑屏了，安全模式也不能进，效果一样。使用安装盘修复，还没看到启动修复界面，就出现以下错误：
换几张安装盘，错误依旧，到网上查了一下，原来此错误与内存有关，打开机箱将两条内存交换了个槽，系统居然就可用了，晕！
file setup.sys could not be loaded error code 7
换几张安装盘，错误依旧，到网上查了一下，原来此错误与内存有关，打开机箱将两条内存交换了个槽，系统居然就可用了，晕！
原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/wiregate/archive/2005/12/02/542218.aspx
一. 引言
性能测试与分析是软件开发过程中介于架构和调整的一个广泛并比较不容易理解的领域，更是一项较为复杂的活动。就像下棋游戏一样，有效
的性能测试和分析只能在一个良好的计划策略和具备了对不可预料事件的处理能力的条件下顺利地完成。一个下棋高手赢得比赛靠的不仅仅是
对游戏规则的认识，更是靠他的自己的能力和不断地专注于分析自己对手的实力来更加有效地利用和发挥规则的作用。同样一个优秀的性能测
试和分析人员将要面对的是来自一个全新的应用程序和环境下带来的整个项目的挑战。本文中作者结合自己的使用经验和参考文档，对Tomcat
性能方面的调整做一简要的介绍，并给出Tomcat性能的测试、分析和调整优化的一些方法。
二. 测量Web服务器的性能
测量web服务器的性能是一项让人感到畏缩的任务，但是我们在这里将给出一些需要注意的地方并且指点你了解其中更多的细节性的内容。它不
像一些简单的任务，如测量CPU的速率或者是测量程序占用CPU的比例，web服务器的性能优化中包括许调整许多变量来达到目标。许多的测量策
略中都包含了一个看似简单的浏览实际上是在向服务器发送大量的请求，我们称之为客户端的程序，来测量响应时间。客户端和服务器端是在
同一台机器上吗？服务器在测试的时候还运行着其它的什么程序吗？客户端和服务器端的通讯是通过局域网，100baseT，10baseT还是使用调制
解调器？客户端是否一直重复请求相同的页面，还是随机地访问不同的页面？（这些影响到了服务缓存的性能）客户端发送请求的有规律的还
是突发的？你是在最终的配置环境下运行服务的还是在调试的配置环境下运行服务的？客户端请求中包含图片还是只有HTML页面？是否有请求
是通过servlets和JSP的，CGI程序，服务端包含（Server-Side Includes ，SSI是一个可以让你使用动态HTML文件的技术）？所有这些都将是
我们要关心的，并且几乎我们不可能精确地把所有的问题都清楚地列出来。
1.压力测试工具
"工欲善其事，必先利其器"，压力测试只有借助于一些工具才可得以实施。
大多数web压力测试工具的实现原理都是通过重复的大量的页面请求来模拟多用户对被测系统的并发访问，以此达到产生压力的目的。产生压力
的手段都是通过录制或者是编写压力脚本，这些脚本以多个进程或者线程的形式在客户端运行，这样通过人为制造各种类型的压力，我们可以
观察被测系统在各种压力状况下的表现，从而定位系统瓶颈，作为系统调优的基础。目前已经存在的性能测试工具林林总总，数量不下一百种
，从单一的开放源码的免费小工具如 Aapache 自带的 web 性能测试工具 Apache Benchmark、开源的Jmeter 到大而全的商业性能测试软件如
Mercury 的 LoadRunner 等等。任何性能测试工具都有其优缺点，我们可以根据实际情况挑选用最合适的工具。您可以在这里找到一些web压力
测试工具http://www.softwareqatest.com/qatweb1.html#LOAD
这里我们所使用的工具要支持web应用服务认证才可以，要支持接收发送cookies，不仅如此Tomcat支持多种认证方式，比如基本认证、基于表
单的认证、相互认证和客户端认证，而一些工具仅仅支持HTTP基本认证。真实地模拟用户认证是性能测试工具的一个重要的部分，因为认证机
制将对一个web站点的性能特征产生重要的影响。基于你在产品中使用的不同的认证方式，你需要从上面的工具列表中选择使用这种特性的测试
工具。
Apache Benchmark和http_load是命令行形式的工具，非常易于使用。Apache Benchmark可以模仿单独的URL请求并且重复地执行，可以使用不
同的命令行参数来控制执行迭代的次数，并发用户数等等。它的一个特点是可以周期性地打印出处理过程的信息，而其它工具只能给出一个全
局的报告。
2.压力测试工具介绍
查看全文: Tomcat性能调整»
原料
嫩黄瓜250克，鸡蛋2个，油35克，精盐、味精、葱姜末各适量。
做法
嫩黄瓜250克，鸡蛋2个，油35克，精盐、味精、葱姜末各适量。
做法
1、把鸡蛋打入碗内，加入精盐、味精调拌均匀。黄瓜洗净切成菱形片；
2、炒勺放油加热至六成热，倒入调好的蛋液炒成蛋花倒出。原勺留少许油，烧热再放葱姜末稍炒，投入瓜片翻炒几下加入精盐、味精煸炒至断生，再倒入蛋花颠翻拌匀出勺即成。
首先写一个获取httpd连接数的脚本：
[root@supersun snmp]# cat httpnum.sh
lsof -i |grep 'ESTABL' |grep ':http' |wc -l|sed 's/ *//g'
然后将以下内容添写到/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf中去:
exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.200 httpnumber /bin/sh /etc/snmp/httpnum.sh
将数据模板:cacti_data_template_ucdnet_-_httpcountnum.xml 和 图形模板
cacti_graph_template_ucdnet_-_httpcountnum.xml 导入到cacti中去,生成的图表如下：
[root@supersun snmp]# cat httpnum.sh
lsof -i |grep 'ESTABL' |grep ':http' |wc -l|sed 's/ *//g'
然后将以下内容添写到/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf中去:
exec .1.3.6.1.4.1.2021.200 httpnumber /bin/sh /etc/snmp/httpnum.sh
将数据模板:cacti_data_template_ucdnet_-_httpcountnum.xml 和 图形模板
cacti_graph_template_ucdnet_-_httpcountnum.xml 导入到cacti中去,生成的图表如下：
原料:西兰花，胡萝卜
1、切去西兰花的根，将其掰成小朵，然后清洗；
2、清洗胡萝卜，去皮，切片；
3、锅中烧水，水开加点盐，倒入西兰花过一下水，2分钟即可；
4、水再次开的时候倒入胡萝卜，过水一分钟捞起；
5、用淀粉加水勾点芡；
6、锅中底油，油热后倒入西兰花和胡萝卜，大火翻炒2分钟；
7、加盐、鸡精，倒入芡粉翻炒后即可起锅。
脚本功能简单，但用起来很方便，当你管理多台Linux主机的时候，就用它来更新主机列表文件吧！将脚本命名为hostlist.sh，并将其放入PATH路径中！根据自己的请况定义变量的值。
#!/bin/sh
#定义数量
TMPFILE="/tmp/hostlist" #临时文件
#指定主机列表文件
HOSTLIST=$(echo ~/company/hostlist)
#这里是需要更新的主机列表
ARGS="$*"
#为每台主机更新
for host in $ARGS;
do
echo "Create a hosts file for $host ..."
HOSTNAME=$(ssh -l root $host "hostname")
echo "127.0.0.1 $HOSTNAME localhost.localdomain localhost" >$TMPFILE
echo >>$TMPFILE
cat $HOSTLIST >>$TMPFILE
echo "update the hosts file for $host ..."
cat $TMPFILE |ssh -l root $host "cat >/etc/hosts"
echo "The hosts file on $host has been updated."
done
用法示例
[supersun@supersunHP ~]$hostlist.sh host1 host2 host3
Create a hosts file for host1 ...
update the hosts file for host1 ...
The hosts file on host1 has been updated.
......
#!/bin/sh
#定义数量
TMPFILE="/tmp/hostlist" #临时文件
#指定主机列表文件
HOSTLIST=$(echo ~/company/hostlist)
#这里是需要更新的主机列表
ARGS="$*"
#为每台主机更新
for host in $ARGS;
do
echo "Create a hosts file for $host ..."
HOSTNAME=$(ssh -l root $host "hostname")
echo "127.0.0.1 $HOSTNAME localhost.localdomain localhost" >$TMPFILE
echo >>$TMPFILE
cat $HOSTLIST >>$TMPFILE
echo "update the hosts file for $host ..."
cat $TMPFILE |ssh -l root $host "cat >/etc/hosts"
echo "The hosts file on $host has been updated."
done
用法示例
[supersun@supersunHP ~]$hostlist.sh host1 host2 host3
Create a hosts file for host1 ...
update the hosts file for host1 ...
The hosts file on host1 has been updated.
......
作为系统管理员，就是要负责系统的安装和维护系统，这要求管理员撑握系统软硬件知识的同时，也要了解用户的需求。
其职能主要分为以下三个方面。
硬件方面
软件方面
用户方面
其职能主要分为以下三个方面。
硬件方面
创建一份系统硬件列表，并维护此列表；
验证外设被正确安装，并安排相关的测试；
监控各硬件组件的运行参数；
在硬件出现故障时安排维修。
软件方面
安装和配置HP-UX操作系统；
创建文件系统；
管理文件系统，确保其完整性；
监控系统的资源使用情况；
设计并执行备份及恢复方案；
配置和维护打印管理软件；
安装管理网络通讯软件；
当系统出现新版本时负责系统的升级；
安装升级各种应用程序。
用户方面
根椐需要允许用户的登入系统；
评估用户需求；
定制未来系统的增长和变更计划；
给用户提供技术支持；
执行网络和系统使用规程和政策。
原料：芹菜，香干
1、香干洗干净切丝待用；
2、芹菜叶子去掉，切段洗干净；
3、锅中烧水，水烧开加点盐和点油把芹菜倒入锅中焯水，水开后就可以捞出来了。这样焯水使芹菜颜色比较漂亮而且都提出蔬菜里的鲜度；
4、锅中底油，放葱花，姜片爆香一下。倒入香干，加点盐，酱油爆炒一下；
5、倒入焯过水的芹菜，加点盐爆炒一下。时间不要炒的太长，因为芹菜已经焯过水了，大火炒个2到3分钟，加点鸡精就可以起锅了。
使用命令lshw可以获取系统的硬件信息，黙认的情况下，系统没有安装的，如果你的系统是fedora的话下载对应的软件仓库的rpm包，安装yum软件仓库的rpm包后，使用yum install lshw安装lshw。
运行命令获取硬件信息，以下是我的新本本HP 6520s(340AA)的硬件信息：
[root@supersunHP ~]# lshw
supersunhp
description: Notebook
product: HP Compaq 6520s
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
version: F.07
serial: CNU8022N5K
width: 32 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4
configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook uuid=09F90F7B-73F7-DE11-5688-6D991002CD29
*-core
description: Motherboard
product: 30D7
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
physical id: 0
version: KBC Version 83.11
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
physical id: 0
version: 68MDD Ver. F.07 (11/19/2007)
size: 128KiB
capacity: 960KiB
capabilities: pci pcmcia pnp upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppy720 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb ls120boot smartbattery biosbootspecification netboot
*-cpu
description: CPU
product: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T5470 @ 1.60GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 4
bus info: cpu@0
version: 6.15.13
serial: 0000-06FD-0000-0000-0000-0000
slot: U10
size: 1601MHz
capacity: 1601MHz
width: 64 bits
clock: 200MHz
capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx x86-64 constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts pni monitor ds_cpl est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm ida cpufreq
configuration: id=1
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: Internal L1 Cache
size: 64KiB
capacity: 64KiB
capabilities: burst internal write-back unified
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: Internal L2 Cache
size: 2MiB
capacity: 2MiB
capabilities: burst external write-back unified
*-logicalcpu:0
description: Logical CPU
physical id: 1.1
width: 64 bits
capabilities: logical
*-logicalcpu:1
description: Logical CPU
physical id: 1.2
width: 64 bits
capabilities: logical
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: a
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 1GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM Synchronous [empty]
physical id: 0
slot: DIMM #1
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns)
product: RMN1740SB38D7F-667
vendor: Ramaxel Technology
physical id: 1
serial: 00000000
slot: DIMM #2
size: 1GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 667MHz (1.5ns)
*-pci
description: Host bridge
product: Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 Memory Controller Hub
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 100
bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
version: 0c
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
*-pci:0
description: PCI bridge
product: Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 PCI Express Root Port
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: 0c
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: ATI Technologies Inc
vendor: ATI Technologies Inc
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=fglrx_pci latency=0 module=fglrx
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: 82562GT 10/100 Network Connection
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 19
bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
logical name: eth0
version: 03
serial: 00:1a:4b:8d:cc:c6
size: 100MB/s
capacity: 100MB/s
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000 driverversion=7.3.20-k2-NAPI duplex=full firmware=1.1-2 ip=192.168.1.87 latency=0 link=yes module=e1000 multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100MB/s
*-usb:0
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Contoller #4
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1a
bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@3
logical name: usb3
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:1
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1a.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.1
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@4
logical name: usb4
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:2
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1a.7
bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.7
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 module=ehci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: EHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 ehci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@1
logical name: usb1
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-2.00
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=4 speed=480.0MB/s
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1b
bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0
version: 03
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=HDA Intel latency=0 module=snd_hda_intel
*-pci:1
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-pci:2
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 2
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network Connection
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:10:00.0
logical name: wmaster0
version: 02
serial: 00:1c:bf:9c:b4:1b
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress cap_list logical ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwl3945 latency=0 module=iwl3945 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
*-pci:3
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 5
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c.4
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.4
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-usb:3
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@5
logical name: usb5
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb UNCLAIMED
description: Generic USB device
product: USB Mouse
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@5:1
version: 1.00
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=100mA speed=1.5MB/s
*-usb:4
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.1
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@6
logical name: usb6
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:5
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.2
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@7
logical name: usb7
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:6
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d.7
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.7
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 module=ehci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: EHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 ehci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@2
logical name: usb2
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-2.00
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=6 speed=480.0MB/s
*-pci:4
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1e
bus info: pci@0000:00:1e.0
version: f3
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci subtractive_decode bus_master cap_list
*-isa
description: ISA bridge
product: 82801HEM (ICH8M) LPC Interface Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list
configuration: latency=0
*-ide
description: IDE interface
product: 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) IDE Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.1
logical name: scsi3
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: ide bus_master emulated
configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=0 module=ata_piix
*-cdrom
description: DVD reader
product: RW/DVD GCC-C10N
vendor: HL-DT-ST
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@3:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/cdrom
logical name: /dev/dvd
logical name: /dev/scd0
logical name: /dev/sr0
version: 1.03
capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd
configuration: ansiversion=5 status=open
*-storage
description: SATA controller
product: 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA AHCI Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
logical name: scsi0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated
configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 module=ahci
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: Hitachi HTS54161
vendor: Hitachi
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: SB4O
serial: SB2481SJENWBME
size: 149GiB (160GB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=613d613d
*-volume:0
description: Windows NTFS volume
physical id: 1
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1
logical name: /dev/sda1
logical name: /media/disk-2
version: 3.1
serial: d86483db-080b-0149-91a6-cc493b4388a2
size: 15GiB
capacity: 15GiB
capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized
configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2007-08-18 21:20:24 filesystem=ntfs mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other state=mounted
*-volume:1
description: Extended partition
physical id: 2
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2
logical name: /dev/sda2
size: 134GiB
capacity: 134GiB
capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended
*-logicalvolume:0
description: HPFS/NTFS partition
physical id: 5
logical name: /dev/sda5
logical name: /media/disk
capacity: 40GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:1
description: HPFS/NTFS partition
physical id: 6
logical name: /dev/sda6
logical name: /media/disk-1
capacity: 40GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:2
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: 7
logical name: /dev/sda7
logical name: /boot
capacity: 196MiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,data=ordered state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:3
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: 8
logical name: /dev/sda8
logical name: /
capacity: 14GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,data=ordered state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:4
description: Linux swap / Solaris partition
physical id: 9
logical name: /dev/sda9
capacity: 2000MiB
capabilities: nofs
*-logicalvolume:5
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: a
logical name: /dev/sda10
logical name: /home
capacity: 37GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,data=ordered state=mounted
*-battery
description: Lithium Ion Battery
product: HP
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
physical id: 1
version: 12/22/2007
serial: 26629
slot: Primary
capacity: 44000mWh
configuration: voltage=10.8V
运行命令获取硬件信息，以下是我的新本本HP 6520s(340AA)的硬件信息：
[root@supersunHP ~]# lshw
supersunhp
description: Notebook
product: HP Compaq 6520s
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
version: F.07
serial: CNU8022N5K
width: 32 bits
capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4
configuration: boot=normal chassis=notebook uuid=09F90F7B-73F7-DE11-5688-6D991002CD29
*-core
description: Motherboard
product: 30D7
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
physical id: 0
version: KBC Version 83.11
*-firmware
description: BIOS
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
physical id: 0
version: 68MDD Ver. F.07 (11/19/2007)
size: 128KiB
capacity: 960KiB
capabilities: pci pcmcia pnp upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect edd int13floppy720 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb ls120boot smartbattery biosbootspecification netboot
*-cpu
description: CPU
product: Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU T5470 @ 1.60GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 4
bus info: cpu@0
version: 6.15.13
serial: 0000-06FD-0000-0000-0000-0000
slot: U10
size: 1601MHz
capacity: 1601MHz
width: 64 bits
clock: 200MHz
capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe nx x86-64 constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts pni monitor ds_cpl est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr lahf_lm ida cpufreq
configuration: id=1
*-cache:0
description: L1 cache
physical id: 5
slot: Internal L1 Cache
size: 64KiB
capacity: 64KiB
capabilities: burst internal write-back unified
*-cache:1
description: L2 cache
physical id: 6
slot: Internal L2 Cache
size: 2MiB
capacity: 2MiB
capabilities: burst external write-back unified
*-logicalcpu:0
description: Logical CPU
physical id: 1.1
width: 64 bits
capabilities: logical
*-logicalcpu:1
description: Logical CPU
physical id: 1.2
width: 64 bits
capabilities: logical
*-memory
description: System Memory
physical id: a
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 1GiB
*-bank:0
description: SODIMM Synchronous [empty]
physical id: 0
slot: DIMM #1
*-bank:1
description: SODIMM Synchronous 667 MHz (1.5 ns)
product: RMN1740SB38D7F-667
vendor: Ramaxel Technology
physical id: 1
serial: 00000000
slot: DIMM #2
size: 1GiB
width: 64 bits
clock: 667MHz (1.5ns)
*-pci
description: Host bridge
product: Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 Memory Controller Hub
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 100
bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0
version: 0c
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
*-pci:0
description: PCI bridge
product: Mobile PM965/GM965/GL960 PCI Express Root Port
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1
bus info: pci@0000:00:01.0
version: 0c
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pm msi pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-display
description: VGA compatible controller
product: ATI Technologies Inc
vendor: ATI Technologies Inc
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0
version: 00
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm pciexpress msi vga bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=fglrx_pci latency=0 module=fglrx
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: 82562GT 10/100 Network Connection
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 19
bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
logical name: eth0
version: 03
serial: 00:1a:4b:8d:cc:c6
size: 100MB/s
capacity: 100MB/s
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000 driverversion=7.3.20-k2-NAPI duplex=full firmware=1.1-2 ip=192.168.1.87 latency=0 link=yes module=e1000 multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100MB/s
*-usb:0
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Contoller #4
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1a
bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@3
logical name: usb3
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:1
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #5
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1a.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.1
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@4
logical name: usb4
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:2
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #2
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1a.7
bus info: pci@0000:00:1a.7
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 module=ehci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: EHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 ehci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@1
logical name: usb1
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-2.00
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=4 speed=480.0MB/s
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1b
bus info: pci@0000:00:1b.0
version: 03
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=HDA Intel latency=0 module=snd_hda_intel
*-pci:1
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-pci:2
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 2
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.1
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: PRO/Wireless 3945ABG Network Connection
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:10:00.0
logical name: wmaster0
version: 02
serial: 00:1c:bf:9c:b4:1b
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress cap_list logical ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwl3945 latency=0 module=iwl3945 multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
*-pci:3
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) PCI Express Port 5
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1c.4
bus info: pci@0000:00:1c.4
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci pciexpress msi pm normal_decode bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=pcieport-driver
*-usb:3
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@5
logical name: usb5
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb UNCLAIMED
description: Generic USB device
product: USB Mouse
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@5:1
version: 1.00
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=100mA speed=1.5MB/s
*-usb:4
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #2
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.1
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@6
logical name: usb6
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:5
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB UHCI Controller #3
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.2
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: uhci bus_master
configuration: driver=uhci_hcd latency=0 module=uhci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: UHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 uhci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@7
logical name: usb7
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-1.10
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=2 speed=12.0MB/s
*-usb:6
description: USB Controller
product: 82801H (ICH8 Family) USB2 EHCI Controller #1
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1d.7
bus info: pci@0000:00:1d.7
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm debug ehci bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=ehci_hcd latency=0 module=ehci_hcd
*-usbhost
product: EHCI Host Controller
vendor: Linux 2.6.24.3-34.fc8 ehci_hcd
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@2
logical name: usb2
version: 2.06
capabilities: usb-2.00
configuration: maxpower=0mA slots=6 speed=480.0MB/s
*-pci:4
description: PCI bridge
product: 82801 Mobile PCI Bridge
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1e
bus info: pci@0000:00:1e.0
version: f3
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pci subtractive_decode bus_master cap_list
*-isa
description: ISA bridge
product: 82801HEM (ICH8M) LPC Interface Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: isa bus_master cap_list
configuration: latency=0
*-ide
description: IDE interface
product: 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) IDE Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.1
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.1
logical name: scsi3
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: ide bus_master emulated
configuration: driver=ata_piix latency=0 module=ata_piix
*-cdrom
description: DVD reader
product: RW/DVD GCC-C10N
vendor: HL-DT-ST
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@3:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/cdrom
logical name: /dev/dvd
logical name: /dev/scd0
logical name: /dev/sr0
version: 1.03
capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd
configuration: ansiversion=5 status=open
*-storage
description: SATA controller
product: 82801HBM/HEM (ICH8M/ICH8M-E) SATA AHCI Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.2
logical name: scsi0
version: 03
width: 32 bits
clock: 66MHz
capabilities: storage msi pm ahci_1.0 bus_master cap_list emulated
configuration: driver=ahci latency=0 module=ahci
*-disk
description: ATA Disk
product: Hitachi HTS54161
vendor: Hitachi
physical id: 0.0.0
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0
logical name: /dev/sda
version: SB4O
serial: SB2481SJENWBME
size: 149GiB (160GB)
capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos
configuration: ansiversion=5 signature=613d613d
*-volume:0
description: Windows NTFS volume
physical id: 1
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1
logical name: /dev/sda1
logical name: /media/disk-2
version: 3.1
serial: d86483db-080b-0149-91a6-cc493b4388a2
size: 15GiB
capacity: 15GiB
capabilities: primary bootable ntfs initialized
configuration: clustersize=4096 created=2007-08-18 21:20:24 filesystem=ntfs mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other state=mounted
*-volume:1
description: Extended partition
physical id: 2
bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2
logical name: /dev/sda2
size: 134GiB
capacity: 134GiB
capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended
*-logicalvolume:0
description: HPFS/NTFS partition
physical id: 5
logical name: /dev/sda5
logical name: /media/disk
capacity: 40GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:1
description: HPFS/NTFS partition
physical id: 6
logical name: /dev/sda6
logical name: /media/disk-1
capacity: 40GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=fuseblk mount.options=rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:2
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: 7
logical name: /dev/sda7
logical name: /boot
capacity: 196MiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,data=ordered state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:3
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: 8
logical name: /dev/sda8
logical name: /
capacity: 14GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,data=ordered state=mounted
*-logicalvolume:4
description: Linux swap / Solaris partition
physical id: 9
logical name: /dev/sda9
capacity: 2000MiB
capabilities: nofs
*-logicalvolume:5
description: Linux filesystem partition
physical id: a
logical name: /dev/sda10
logical name: /home
capacity: 37GiB
configuration: mount.fstype=ext3 mount.options=rw,relatime,user_xattr,acl,data=ordered state=mounted
*-battery
description: Lithium Ion Battery
product: HP
vendor: Hewlett-Packard
physical id: 1
version: 12/22/2007
serial: 26629
slot: Primary
capacity: 44000mWh
configuration: voltage=10.8V
癌症专家得出惊人结论：手机致癌猛于香烟，尽管结论尚未能得到完成证明，但手机辐射有害健康那是肯定的，平时我们还是要注意预防手机辐射。
预防手机辐射的方法有：
预防手机辐射的方法有：
对于普通人来说，２、５、６条可行性还是比较大的！1.采用防辐射配件。
2.在手机振铃后一秒左右才接听电话。
3.能不用手机就尽量不用。
4.用耳机接听手机电话。
5.尽量减少每次通话时间。
6.平时多吃水果蔬菜，尤其是富含维生素B的食物，如胡萝卜、海带、油菜、卷心菜及动物肝脏等。
